A complete guide to the licenses required under the Herbal Products Act B.E. 2562 (2019) to manufacture, import, sell, or advertise herbal products in Thailand, with a focus on cannabis business operators. Covers the fees (5,000 THB for manufacturing, 20,000 THB for import, 1,500 THB for sales, 2,500 THB for advertising), the three product registration tracks (notification, detailed notification, formula registration), the documents and signage required, the step-by-step procedure at the FDA and at Provincial Public Health Offices, the timeline, the five-year validity, the renewal at half the fee, and the specific compliance points where the Herbal Products Act intersects with the 2025 Notification on Controlled Herbs (Cannabis) and the GACP requirement.

On April 30, 2026 the Royal Gazette published Ministerial Regulation No. 2 B.E. 2569, tightening cannabis flower licensing rules in Thailand. Full Juslaws & Consult analysis with practical guidance, Q&A, and full English translation.

A complete guide to civil litigation in Thailand for businesses and foreign litigants. Court hierarchy and specialized courts, jurisdiction and venue, prescription periods under the Civil and Commercial Code, court fees, e-filing through CIOS, pre-filing and trial mediation, evidence rules and privilege, provisional measures, class actions, judgment enforcement through the Legal Execution Department, recognition of foreign judgments and New York Convention arbitral awards, and the specialized procedures governing consumer, intellectual property, labour, tax, family, and bankruptcy disputes. Statutory citations throughout.

A complete legal guide to bidding at Thailand Legal Execution Department auctions: process, deposits, the step-down in starting price across rounds, foreign-quota rules for condominiums, Land Office fees, and the Section 309 quater protection on outstanding maintenance fees.

An authoritative practitioner guide for minority shareholders of Thai private limited companies (บริษัทจำกัด) who are in or anticipating a dispute with the other shareholders or directors. Explains why control of the directorship is the central battleground given the broad statutory powers of directors over bank accounts, contracts, employees, premises, and external representation under Sections 1144 and 1167 of the Civil and Commercial Code, and why DBD-registered authorised-signatory status is the practical objective of every dispute. Covers the mechanics of director appointment, retirement by rotation under Section 1171, removal by ordinary resolution, the 14-day DBD registration window, and the Section 1166 validity rule. Sets out the procedural rules governing Board of Directors and Shareholders Meetings (Sections 1158, 1162, 1162/1, 1166, 1173, 1174, 1175, 1178, 1182, 1184, 1185, 1187, 1190, 1191, 1194, 1195, 1207), with the leading Thai Supreme Court (ศาลฎีกา) authorities including Decisions Nos. 1532/2557, 8340/2563, 2564/2532, 1040/2561, 130/2548, 5510/2540, 2402/2562, and 7926/2557. Analyses the civil liability of directors under Sections 1168 and 1169 of the Civil and Commercial Code, with reference to Supreme Court Decisions Nos. 2191/2541, 1426/2542, 3199/2545, and 977/2545; explains the criminal complaints commonly used as leverage, including misappropriation under Sections 352, 353, and 354 of the Penal Code (with Supreme Court Decisions Nos. 113/2535, 532/2553, 6870/2541, 3711/2538), forgery under Sections 264 to 269, false statements to officials under Sections 137 and 267, fraud under Section 341, defrauding creditors under Section 350, the Computer-Related Offences Act, and the Act Determining Offences Relating to Registered Partnerships and Limited Companies B.E. 2499 (1956). Sets out in detail the Labour Court rights of minority directors who are also employees (Supreme Court Decision No. 2893/2532), including statutory severance under Section 118 of the Labour Protection Act with the full 30 to 400 days scale, void agreements under Supreme Court Decision No. 2923/2524, unfair-termination compensation under Section 49 of the Act on Establishment of and Procedure for Labour Court B.E. 2522, unpaid wages with 15% interest and 15% per seven days extra payment, and Section 144 LPA criminal exposure. Includes tables of court fees and timelines, common Section 1195 grounds, criminal-provision summary, the full eight-phase strategic sequence with deadlines, and a comprehensive FAQ. Sources cited include the Department of Business Development (dbd.go.th), Office of the Judiciary fee calculator (fees.coj.go.th), Ministry of Labour (mol.go.th), Department of Labour Protection and Welfare (labour.go.th), Office of the Attorney General (ago.go.th), Ministry of Digital Economy and Society (mdes.go.th), Thailand Arbitration Center (thac.or.th), and the Supreme Court database (deka.supremecourt.or.th).

A comprehensive legal guide to minority shareholder rights in Thailand under Title XXII of the Civil and Commercial Code (Sections 1096 to 1273), the Public Limited Companies Act B.E. 2535, and the Securities and Exchange Act. Covers statutory information, governance, and remedial rights, the 20 percent and 5 percent thresholds for extraordinary general meetings, inspector applications, and derivative actions under Sections 1169, 1173, 1185, 1190, 1194, 1195, 1215, 1216, and 1237, the contractual reinforcement provided by shareholder agreements (reserved matters, board representation, pre-emption, tag-along, drag-along, deadlock, exit), enhanced protection for listed-company shareholders through related-party-transaction and mandatory tender-offer rules, foreign-investor specific risks under the Foreign Business Act, common forms of minority oppression and their remedies, practical enforcement through DBD complaints, civil litigation, and arbitration, and a detailed FAQ. Authoritative reference for foreign and domestic investors, joint-venture partners, and minority blockholders in Thai private and public limited companies.

A comprehensive guide to divorce in Thailand under Book V of the Civil and Commercial Code. Covers both routes to dissolution (mutual consent at the amphoe under Section 1514 paragraph 2 and contested judicial divorce under Section 1516), the twelve statutory grounds, time bars under Section 1529, marital property division between sin somros and sin suan tua under Sections 1471 to 1535, parental power and child custody under Sections 1520 and 1564 to 1566, spousal maintenance and damages under Sections 1523 to 1527, the Hague Convention on International Child Abduction framework, prenuptial agreements, recognition of foreign divorce judgments, and the Marriage Equality Act of 2024. Includes process, fees, timelines, and an extensive FAQ.

Thailand exempts personal income tax on cryptocurrency and digital token capital gains realised through SEC-licensed exchanges, brokers, and dealers between 1 January 2025 and 31 December 2029 under Ministerial Regulation No. 399. This guide explains the legal framework, residency rules, the Section 40(4)(h) and (i) classifications, the 15% withholding under Section 50, capital loss deductions under Ministerial Regulation No. 380, the VAT exemption for licensed exchanges, the remittance rule for foreign-sourced gains, filing on Form PND 90, recordkeeping, and penalties under the Revenue Code.